the supply chain refers to the network structure formed by upstream and downstream enterprises involved in the production and flow process, which includes activities of delivering products or services to end-users.
it revolves around the core company, starting from component parts, creating intermediate products, and finally delivering products to consumers through a sales network. it integrates suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and end-users into a functional network structure. the management philosophy behind supply chain management is to seek overall optimization through collaboration among enterprises from the consumer's perspective. successful supply chain management coordinates and integrates all activities within the chain, culminating in a seamless, integrated process.
the concept of the supply chain evolved from expanding production concepts, extending both forward and backward. therefore, the supply chain involves activities such as planning, obtaining, storing, distributing, serving, etc., creating a link between customers and suppliers, allowing companies to meet the demands of internal and external customers.
second-party auditing involves customers auditing suppliers, and the audit results typically serve as the basis for customer procurement decisions. as a representative of the customer, when conducting a second-party audit in the supply chain, considerations should include the impact of purchasing products on the final product's quality, environment, health, safety, or usage. this helps determine the audit methods and scope. factors like technological and production capabilities, pricing, timely delivery, and service should also be considered.
noa offers supply chain auditing services, including but not limited to:
1. evaluating if the supplier's quality management system operates effectively within the market competition.
2. assessing if the supplier has established an information management system for timely communication with the principal manufacturer.
3. reviewing if the supplier aligns its operational objectives with the quality requirements of the principal manufacturer, decomposes these objectives, and conducts assessments.
4. verifying if the supplier effectively communicates the principal manufacturer's product development requirements to its own suppliers.
5. checking if the supplier has established management practices to ensure the effective achievement of operational objectives.
6. confirming if the supplier has established a management structure for continuous improvement initiatives.
1.customer presents specific requirements
2.professional personnel engage and liaise
3.development of a specialized testing plan
4.clarification or addressing queries regarding the technical plan
5.quotation provided
6.signing of the technical service contract
7.project execution
8.project closure and summary
common second-party audit methods include:
(1)purchased product management system audit
(2)purchased product quality and safety audit
(3)purchased product process and quality audit
purchased product special requirements audit
based on different criteria, supply chains can be classified into the following types:
(1) based on the scope, supply chains can be categorized as internal and external supply chains.
(2) depending on complexity, supply chains can be direct, extended, or terminal.
(3) considering stability, supply chains can be stable or dynamic.
(4) in terms of capacity and user demand, supply chains can be balanced or unbalanced.
(5) based on functional modes (physical, market intermediary, and customer demand functions), supply chains can be efficient, responsive, or innovative.
(6) based on the position of enterprises in the supply chain, they can be categorized as master-based or non-master-based supply chains.
(7) by considering supply coordination patterns, supply chains can be formed by financial capital-led enterprise groups known as "1 n" supply chain model, commercial capital-led enterprise groups known as "n 1" supply chain model, and state-owned capital-led enterprise groups forming the "1 1 n" supply chain model.
the fundamental components of a supply chain include suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and consumers.
the basic processes of the supply chain include material flow, commercial flow, information flow, and financial flow.
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email：noa@noagroup.com
